New Delhi: Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government disappointed markets with its first major economic policy statement on Tuesday, promising to seek foreign and private funding for the railways but giving no details of how it would lure investors.
Investors had harboured expectations for Modi’s government to use the railways budget – which precedes the full budget by two days – to detail widespread reform.
The state-owned railway, the world’s fourth-largest, has suffered from years of low investment and populist policies that have kept fares low. This has turned a once-mighty system into a slow, badly-congested network that crimps economic growth.
The railway costs the government’s public finances around 300 billion rupees ($5 billion) a year in subsidies.
“The bulk of our future projects will be… by the PPP model,” Railway Minister Sadananda Gowda told the parliament in his first budget, referring to public-private partnerships.
Gowda’s speech promised to get the railway’s finances in order, complete long-delayed projects and jumpstart ambitious plans for high-speed rail, but was short on details of how these goals would be met and how foreign direct investment (FDI) would be attracted.
The government revised up planned spending to 654.45 billion rupees ($10.95 billion) for the year ending in March 2015, up 1.8 percent from an interim budget made in February by the last government.
It calculates investment in the network through public-private partnerships in 2014/15 to total 60.05 billion rupees, more than in the interim budget, but a fraction of the cash needed to overhaul the network.
RELIC FROM BRITISH RULE
The use of a railway budget separate from the national one is a relic of British rule, when the network was the country’s major industrial asset and a major revenue earner. Finance Minister Arun Jaitley presents the full federal budget on Thursday.
“There is nothing in this entire budget which tells you how they will make it attractive for private sector,” said Manish R. Sharma, executive director of capital projects and infrastructure at PwC India.
“Given that in the past PPP has not taken off in railways…it would be very important to see how they come up with implementable mechanisms which the private sector will buy,” he said.
Stock investors also expressed doubts about the prospects for PPPs, with shares in railway-related stocks falling after the speech. Texmaco Rail & Engineering fell 8 percent and was down 20 percent by 0940 GMT while Titagarh Wagons dropped 5 percent.
“Budgeted outlay is looking below expectations as the government is looking for more private partnerships now than in previous occasions,” said Deven Choksey, managing director at KR Choksey securities.
Reform of the railways has long proven politically sensitive. Successive governments have backed away from modernization, preferring instead to use the system to provide cheap transport for voters, and jobs for 1.3 million people.
